Features of COVID-19 in atypical, chronic active mixed-herpesvirus co-infections against the background of basic therapy

However, the emergence of new viruses, as well as mutations of long-standing species and the emergence of new genotypic variants, pose new challenges to the human immune system to develop an effective immune response. One such virus is the SARS-CoV-2- causative agent of a new coronavirus infection.

The aim is to study the peculiarities of COVID-19 in patients suffering from atypical, chronic active mixed-herpesvirus infections (AHAHVI) against the background of basic interferono- and immunotherapy, as well as to identify the peculiarities of the functioning of the antiviral protection system and the IFN system in these patients. Materials and Methods: The study group (SG) included 35 patients aged 25 to 60 years suffering from AHAHVI and undergoing COVID-19. Clinical and laboratory methods were included in the examination program. The combined antiviral, interferono- and immunotherapy program included the use of recombinant INFα2, glucosaminmuramyl dipeptide (GMDP), pranobex inosine with intermittent courses of 1.5 to 4.5 months.

The study was approved by the ethics commission, all patients received informed consent to participate in the study according to the Helsinki Declaration of the World Medical Association. The study was carried out on the KDC “Medsi on Belorusskaya,” Moscow. Results. The secondary combined immunodeficiencies were identified in patients of SG in 100% of cases. Defects in the functioning of neutrophil granulocytes − 82±6.4%, a decrease in spontaneous and induced production of FPI-α and ᵞ in 78±5.2 and 96±4.8%, respectively, a shortage of ECC in 89±6.4%. %. It was shown that EBV was the dominant virus in the structure of mixed herpesvirus infections in patients of SG. All patients of the SG group were initiated with a course of basic antiviral, interferono- and immunotherapy 2 − 4 months before COVID-19 disease. COVID-19 infection was diagnosed and treated against the background of ongoing baseline interferon and immunotherapy. In 57% of patients (20 people), the infection was mild. In 10 people (28%) − moderate. Asymptomatic course of infection − in 14% (5 people).